Session 9 of 12
Session 09

Advanced Techniques & Optimization

Beyond the basics — ensemble methods, prompt optimisation, and distillation

⏱ 60 minutes Advanced 📊 Presentation + Study Notes + Lab
What This Session Covers

Session Topics

Model Ensembling

Combining multiple models or multiple outputs for higher accuracy and reliability. Majority voting, weighted averaging, and mixture-of-experts.

Prompt Optimisation

Automated prompt search, DSPy, gradient-based prompt tuning — going beyond manual iteration to systematically find better prompts.

Knowledge Distillation

Training smaller, faster models to match larger models using synthetic data — how GPT-4 teaches GPT-3.5.

Retrieval Optimisation

Hybrid search (dense + sparse), HyDE (Hypothetical Document Embeddings), re-ranking with cross-encoders, and contextual compression.

Multi-Armed Bandits & Online Learning

Adaptive systems that learn from user feedback in real time — personalisation, exploration-exploitation, and reward modelling.

🧪 Lab Exercise

Optimize Your Hiring AI System

Choose an advanced technique and design how you'd implement it for your hiring AI. Measure expected impact and trade-offs. Techniques available: multi-armed bandits, online learning, federated learning, differential privacy, model distillation, or quantisation.

Deliverable

An optimisation design document with implementation plan, expected impact metrics, and trade-off analysis.

Key Takeaways

  • No single model or technique wins on every task — ensembles reduce variance
  • Automated prompt optimisation outperforms manual iteration at scale
  • Distillation is how companies serve 80% of quality at 10% of the cost
  • Retrieval quality has more impact than generation quality on RAG system output
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